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Allergies and the Eyes
Approximately 22 million people in the
US suffer from seasonal itchy, swollen, red eyes. Airborne
allergens, such as house dust, animal dander and mold constantly
bombard the eyes and can cause ocular allergies at any time.
But when Spring or Fall arrive and the plant pollen starts
flying, it seems like everyone starts crying. Seasonal allergic
conjunctivitis, or hay fever, is the most common allergic
eye problem.
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Allergic conjuncitivitis: The conjunctiva
is swollen and the tears are clear.
Vision is normal.
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Eye medication is another potential cause
of eye allergies. There are a variety of medications for
the treatment of eye conditions such as glaucoma, infections,
and dry eyes. In the same way that certain patients may
become allergic to oral medications, sometimes patients
have allergies to their eye medications. In these cases,
these medications need to be stopped or replaced with alternative
treatment.
The hallmark symptom of allergy is itching.
Signs include red eye, swelling and tearing. The best way
to prevent eye allergies is of course to make every effort
to avoid allergens. An allergist can help determine what
you are allergic to so you can stay away from it. Staying
away from outdoor pollen may be impossible, but remaining
indoors in the morning when the outdoor pollen levels are
highest may help control symptoms. If you are allergic to
house dust, open windows and keep household filters clean.
Treatment of ocular allergy by cool compresses
decreases swelling and itching. Artificial tears dilute
the allergens and form a protective barrier over the surface
of the eye. Avoid rubbing the eyes because it often makes
symptoms worse.
Finally, there are a variety of excellent
antihistamine and decongestant drops and sprays that can
soothe irritated eyes and nose.
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